Protect yourself from hubris

Chilon, the son of Damagetos, one of the Seven Sages of antiquity, was born in Sparta, in 600 BC and served as Ephor in 556 BC (during the 56th Olympiad). His governance was marked by success and left a significant imprint on the history of the Spartan regime, enhancing the institution of the Ephors and reducing royal power, in favour of popular sovereignty.

Philosophy and Laconism

Known for his brevity, Chilon represented Laconism, the art of concise and substantive expression. His wisdom, moral integrity and insight, made him an admired figure for subsequent philosophers and later generations.

Teachings and Maxims

For Chilon, the most challenging things for a person were keeping secrets, temperance and enduring injustice. His maxims, such as “Nothing in excess,” “Know thyself,” and “Surety brings ruin,” reflect his deep understanding of human weaknesses and the need for self-awareness and moderation.

Significantly, when asked what is most difficult for a person, he replied: “To keep secrets, to properly dispose of one’s anger and to endure being wronged”… the most difficult for a person is to keep secrets, control their nerves and suffer injustice.

Legacy and Memory

Chilon’s death in Pisa, Sicily, was marked by a fortunate death, occurring as his son returned victorious from the Olympic Games. Sparta honored his memory with a statue and an epigram praising his wisdom and his contributions to the warlike city. Chilon’s sayings at Delphi reflect his enduring influence on the ancient Greek world and the history of philosophy.